PM (Polarization Maintaining) fiber coupler is the best solution for monitoring and splitting optical signals in PM fiber over a wide bandwidth while maintaining polarization with a high extinction ratio. It uses advanced technology to achieve high polarization maintenance and low insertion loss performance. This article will mainly introduce PM fiber couplers.
What is a PM Fiber Coupler?
PM fiber coupler is a device that allows a single fiber input to split into two outputs at the specified coupling ratio or can combine light signals from two PM input fibers into a single PM output fiber. It's built with Panda PM fiber, which allows it to maintain a high polarization extinction ratio for light launched along the slow axis of the fiber. Stress rods run parallel to the fiber's core and apply stress that creates birefringence in the fiber's core, allowing PM operation. Linearly polarized light must be launched along the slow axis of the fiber to achieve the specified coupling ratio and maintain a high polarization extinction ratio (PER).
How Can PM Fiber Coupler Be Categorized?
(1) PM Fused Coupler: It uses a fused biconical taper (FBT) technique and PM fiber to split high-power linearly polarized light into multiple paths without perturbing the line state of polarization (SOP). It can also be used as a power tap to monitor signal power in a PM fiber system without affecting the linear SOP of light propagating in the PM fiber. PM fused coupler is constructed by fusing and tapering the fibers together and creates a simple, rugged, compact method of splitting or combining optical signals.
(2) PM Filter Coupler: It is a PM coupler that can split the light from an input PM fiber into two output PM fibers or combine light signals from two PM input fibers into a single PM output fiber. It supports the light wave of each polarization and doesn’t block any polarization.
(3) PM Tap Coupler: It splits the light from the input PM fiber into two output PM fibers with an accurate tap ratio.SOP is aligned with the slow axis or the fast axis of the PM fibers. It has separate light crystals, and the output port is distinct from the PM filter coupler. Its coupling ratio is more accurate and can handle higher power than the PM filter coupler.
Features and Benefits
PM fiber coupler provides the following features and benefits:
1.Low insertion loss and polarization-dependent loss
2.Low back reflection, excess loss, and cost
3.High isolation and extinction ratio
4.High reliability and stability
5.High return loss and power handling
6.Epoxy-free optical path and compact design
7.Port configurations 1×2, 2x2, 1×4, 2×3 or 1xN
8.Coupling ratios 50:50, 75:25, 90:10, or 99:1
9.2.0 mm narrow key FC/PC or FC/APC connectors
10.Operating wavelengths 780/820/850/980/1030/1150/1310/1480/1550/1064/1940/2000/2050nm
Applications
PM fiber coupler is used in a fiber laser, fiber optic sensing, testing instruments, power monitoring, and splitting, coherent optical transmission, optical fiber amplifiers, fiber optic gyroscope, interferometry, fiber optic hydrophones, EDFA, CATV, R&D laboratories, optical transmitters, and transceivers, etc.
Conclusion
PM fiber coupler provides optical signal splitting with an accurate tap ratio while polarization maintenance. It features a high extinction ratio, isolation, stability and reliability, and low insertion loss, making it the most suited choice for fiber optic sensing, fiber optic amplifiers, pump lasers, and other applications.
Sun Telecom specializes in providing one-stop total fiber optic solutions for all fiber optic application industries worldwide. Contact us if you have any needs.
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